GURU.Markets stock price, segment price, and overall market index valuation
The company's share price Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet, a provider of data and analytics for verification and investigations, reflects the demand for information from businesses and government agencies. Its price trajectory depends on subscriber growth and the company's ability to compete in the data market.
Share prices of companies in the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet (redviolet.com) provides a cloud-based data analytics platform for risk detection, fraud detection, and identity verification. We've categorized it as "Analytics Software." The chart below shows how the market values โโcompanies working with big data for security and compliance purposes.
Broad Market Index - GURU.Markets
Red Violet provides a cloud-based data analytics platform for risk detection, fraud detection, and identity verification. As a prominent tech company, it is included in the GURU.Markets index. The chart below shows how its stock performs relative to the overall stock market.
Change in the price of a company, segment, and market as a whole per day
RDVT - Daily change in the company's share price Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet, an analytics provider,'s daily fluctuations reflect volatility in the software sector. change_co measures reactions to contract awards and product news. This metric, while unspectacular, is important for analyzing data-driven companies using formulas on System.GURU.Markets.
Daily change in the price of a set of shares in a market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet, Inc. is a big data company. This chart highlights the high volatility of the tech sector. Comparing it to RDVT, with its data analytics platform, helps assess its unique risk profile.
Daily change in the price of a broad market stock, index - GURU.Markets
Red Violet is a technology company providing a data analytics platform. Its business lies at the intersection of IT and security. The chart below shows the overall volatility of the tech sector, allowing us to assess how Red Violet fits in with broader trends.
Dynamics of market capitalization of the company, segment and the market as a whole over 12 months
Annual dynamics of the company's market capitalization Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet is a technology company providing data-driven analytics solutions. Demand for its services reflects the growing importance of data for business decision-making. The company's stock performance is a benchmark for the IT sector.
Annual dynamics of market capitalization of the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet, Inc. is a technology company providing a data-driven analytics platform for various industries, including identity verification and fraud detection. This chart shows how its subscription-based model and growing demand for its solutions are driving its outperforming growth in the sector.
Annual dynamics of market capitalization of broad market stocks, index - GURU.Markets
Red Violet, in providing analytical data, has its own unique dynamics. Demand for its services from lawyers, debt collectors, and law enforcement agencies can even be countercyclical. The company's chart is a story of how the "data economy" finds its niche, not always correlating with the broader market.
Dynamics of market capitalization of the company, segment and the market as a whole for the month
Monthly dynamics of the company's market capitalization Red Violet Inc.
Kronos is one of the world's leading producers of titanium dioxide, a white pigment used in paints and plastics. The monthly fluctuations on the chart directly reflect demand in these cyclical industries and pigment prices, which are dependent on the global economy.
Monthly dynamics of market capitalization of the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet (rdvt) provides data analytics and identity verification solutions through its idiCORE platform, primarily for investigations and risk assessment. Demand for such services is growing with digitalization and the need for data verification. The chart below shows how investors assessed the prospects of companies working in the data intelligence field.
Monthly dynamics of market capitalization of broad market stocks, index - GURU.Markets
Red Violet provides a data analytics platform used for identity verification and fraud detection. The company's growth depends on businesses' need for accurate data for risk management. Its stock price reflects the growing demand for data and analytics solutions in the digital economy.
Dynamics of market capitalization of the company, segment and the market as a whole for the week
Weekly dynamics of the company's market capitalization Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet is a data analytics and identity verification company. Its weekly stock price reflects demand for its services from financial institutions and law enforcement agencies, as well as data privacy news.
Weekly dynamics of market capitalization of the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet is a data analytics company. Comparing its weekly performance with the software sector will demonstrate the strength of its niche. The chart allows one to assess how demand for its services from financial and legal firms allows it to potentially outperform the broader IT industry.
Weekly dynamics of market capitalization of stocks of the broad market, index - GURU.Markets
Red Violet, as a growing SaaS company, is likely to be more volatile than the overall market. Comparing its weekly performance with the S&P 500 reveals this elevated beta. The chart allows us to assess how much its stock outperforms the market during periods of growth and lags during corrections.
Market capitalization of the company, segment and market as a whole
RDVT - Market capitalization of the company Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet's market capitalization chart tells the story of how the market values โโthe data analytics and identity verification business. The company's platform is used for identity verification, fraud detection, and investigations. Its dynamics reflect the growing demand for such tools, as well as concerns about data privacy.
RDVT - Share of the company's market capitalization Red Violet Inc. within the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet is a data analytics company providing cloud-based solutions for risk and fraud identification. Its sector share reflects its position in the business intelligence market. The chart below shows this data provider's weight in the risk management industry.
Market capitalization of the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet, through its IDI platform, provides analytical solutions for data identification and verification used for risk assessment. The chart below shows the total market capitalization of the analytical software sector. It reflects the growing need for accurate data to combat fraud and make informed decisions.
Market capitalization of all companies included in a broad market index - GURU.Markets
This chart shows the value of people's data. Red Violet (RDVT) is a company that aggregates massive amounts of data for identity verification, risk assessment, and investigations. Its market cap is growing as the need for fast and accurate information about people becomes critical for businesses and government agencies.
Book value capitalization of the company, segment and market as a whole
RDVT - Book value capitalization of the company Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet's foundation is its idiCORE data analytics platform, used for identity verification and risk assessment. Its book value reflects the investment in building this powerful database and algorithms. The chart below shows how the TransUnion spinoff is building its capital in the big data analytics industry.
RDVT - Share of the company's book capitalization Red Violet Inc. within the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet (RDVT) is a data analytics company that helps identify risks and fraud. Its main asset is a powerful data processing platform. The chart shows a minimal share of physical assets, as its infrastructure is digital, not physical.
Market segment balance sheet capitalization - Software analytics
Red Violet's data analytics is an asset-light business. Its value lies in its data and algorithms. Compared to the capital-intensive IT sector, its subscription-based model is highly capital-efficient and requires little physical asset ownership.
Book value of all companies included in the broad market index - GURU.Markets
Red Violet's assets aren't a detective agency, but a powerful cloud platform called CORE, which aggregates vast amounts of data on individuals and companies for identity verification and investigations. The book value reflects the IT infrastructure that underpins this analytical tool. The chart shows the weight of this "information broker."
The ratio of market capitalization to book capitalization of a company, segment, and the market as a whole
Market capitalization to book capitalization ratio - Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet, an information broker, is valued at a premium to its tangible assets. Investors are paying for its powerful data collection and analysis platform, which is a valuable tool for law enforcement, legal, and corporate security agencies.
Market to book capitalization ratio in a market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet (redviolet.com) is a data analytics company providing information for identity verification and fraud detection. Its value lies in its databases and algorithms. The chart shows the high premium to its tangible assets, typical of a data business.
Market to book capitalization ratio for the market as a whole
Red Violet (branded as idi) provides a data-driven analytics platform for identity identification, verification, and risk assessment. Its value lies in its data and algorithms. This metric reflects how the market values โโdata-as-a-service companies that help other businesses make more informed decisions.
Debts of the company, segment and market as a whole
RDVT - Company debts Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet, a company providing data-driven analytics solutions, funds its growth and platform development through its own funds and raised capital. For a data tech company, investing in technology and security is key. This chart reflects its financial strategy, which is aimed at expanding its customer base.
Market segment debts - Software analytics
Red Violet is a technology company that provides a data and analytics platform (idiCORE) for risk detection, fraud detection, and identity verification. Its clients include financial institutions, law firms, and law enforcement agencies. This chart shows how the big data company manages its capital to expand its databases and improve its analytical tools.
Market debt in general
Debt to book value of the company, segment and market as a whole
The company's debt to book capitalization ratio Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet is a technology company that provides an analytical platform for risk assessment and fraud detection based on massive data sets. Developing complex algorithms and maintaining a robust IT infrastructure requires ongoing investment. This chart shows how the company uses debt capital to finance its technological development.
Market segment debt to market segment book capitalization - Software analytics
Red Violet is a company that provides data-driven analytics solutions for various industries, including identity verification and risk assessment. This chart shows how this tech company finances its operations, comparing its debt position to the overall market capitalization of the software and data analytics sector.
Debt to book value of all companies in the market
Red Violet (through its subsidiary IDI) provides data analytics solutions used for identity verification and risk assessment. Growth in this area can be financed both organically and through acquisitions. What role does debt play in the company's strategy? This chart of total debt in the economy provides context for assessing its financial policies.
P/E of the company, segment and market as a whole
P/E - Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet is a technology company providing data-driven analytics solutions for risk and fraud detection. This chart shows how investors value its CORE platform. The valuation is driven by demand for its services from financial institutions, law enforcement agencies, and corporate clients.
P/E of the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet is a data analytics company that provides cloud-based solutions for investigations, risk management, and marketing. Its CORE platform helps clients quickly discover connections between people, companies, and assets. This chart shows the average rating for the analytics software sector, providing insight into how the market views Red Violet's technology.
P/E of the market as a whole
Red Violet (redviolet) provides a data analytics platform used for identity verification and fraud detection. Its success hinges on the growing demand for security and analytics. Does its valuation reflect the overall trend for data companies, or do investors see it as a niche player whose future depends on competition and large contracts?
Future P/E of the company, segment and market as a whole
Future (projected) P/E of the company Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet is a technology company providing a data and analytics platform for risk detection, fraud detection, and identity verification. Its core product is IDI. This chart shows analysts' future revenue expectations, which depend on demand for verification solutions from financial institutions, law enforcement agencies, and businesses.
Future (projected) P/E of the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet is a company that provides the idiCORE data analytics platform, used for identity verification, risk assessment, and investigations. Its clients include financial institutions, lawyers, and government agencies. This chart shows expectations for the analytics software sector, allowing investors to assess how Red Violet's growth and competition in the data and analytics market are perceived.
Future (projected) P/E of the market as a whole
Red Violet, Inc. (operating under the brand name idi) is a company providing analytics and solutions for identification and verification. Demand for its services is growing due to the need to combat fraud. This business activity chart indirectly reflects the growth in transaction volumes requiring verification and analysis.
Profit of the company, segment and market as a whole
Company profit Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet, through its IDI platform, provides data and analytics for risk and fraud detection. Its clients include financial institutions, law firms, and government agencies. Revenue comes from data subscriptions. This chart shows how demand for the "data economy" is growing and how the company is monetizing this need.
Profit of companies in the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet provides the CORE analytics platform, which helps companies and law enforcement agencies find and analyze information about people and their connections. This graph, showing the profitability of the analytics software sector, reflects the growing role of data in decision-making. Their technologies are used for identity verification, risk assessment, and investigations.
Overall market profit
Red Violet, Inc., through its IDI platform, provides data and analytics for risk and fraud detection. Clients include financial institutions, law firms, and government agencies. Demand for its services is growing as data volumes and business complexity increase. Increased overall profitability, reflected in this graph, means more transactions and operations requiring review and analysis.
Future (predicted) profit of the company, segment and market as a whole
Future (projected) profit of the company Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet (operating under the brand name idi) provides an analytics platform for identity verification and fraud detection. Its clients include financial institutions, law enforcement agencies, and collection agencies. This chart reflects analysts' forecasts for growth in demand for risk management and data analytics solutions.
Future (predicted) profit of companies in the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet provides cloud-based analytics solutions for data identification and verification used in risk management. The company's growth depends on the growing business need for accurate data for decision-making. This chart for the analytics software sector shows how highly the market perceives demand for tools that help combat fraud and assess risks.
Future (predicted) profit of the market as a whole
Red Violet (rdvt) provides data-driven analytics solutions. Demand for its services is growing as companies seek ways to better understand their customers and manage risks. This graph, reflecting overall profit expectations, influences companies' budgets and their willingness to invest in advanced analytics tools.
P/S of the company, segment and market as a whole
P/S - Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet is a data analytics company providing cloud-based solutions for risk and fraud detection. The chart shows the premium investors pay for each dollar of its revenue. This high valuation reflects the value of its data and analytics for various industries, from financial services to law enforcement.
P/S market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet, Inc., through its IDI platform, provides analytics solutions for identity verification and fraud detection. The company generates revenue through a subscription model from clients in the financial and legal industries. This chart, which displays the average rating for analytics software, helps understand how investors value Red Violet's technology and data.
P/S of the market as a whole
Red Violet is a data analytics company that provides cloud-based solutions for risk identification, verification, and monitoring. Its platform is used in fraud prevention and investigations. This chart, which reflects overall market revenue valuations, helps us understand the premium investors are willing to pay for big data analytics technologies that solve critical problems.
Future P/S of the company, segment and market as a whole
Future (projected) P/S of the company Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet is a technology company that provides a cloud-based data analytics platform called IDI. Its solutions are used for identity verification and fraud investigation. This chart shows how investors estimate future subscriber growth, betting on increased demand for risk and fraud prevention tools.
Future (projected) P/S of the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet, Inc. provides a cloud-based analytics platform, CORE, that helps organizations investigate fraud, verify identities, and manage risks using massive amounts of data. This chart reflects average sales expectations in the analytics software sector. It provides an insight into how the market perceives Red Violet's competitive position in the data industry.
Future (projected) P/S of the market as a whole
Red Violet, through its idiCORE platform, provides analytics solutions based on massive data sets for risk detection, fraud detection, and identity verification. This chart shows overall market revenue forecasts. The company's growth is driven by the growing need of businesses and government agencies for accurate information for decision-making in the context of the digital economy.
Sales of the company, segment and market as a whole
Company sales Red Violet Inc.
This chart illustrates the revenue of Red Violet (rdvt), a technology company that provides a cloud platform for data analytics and identity verification. Its services are used for risk assessment, customer due diligence, and investigations. Revenue is generated by subscription, and its dynamics reflect the demand for big data solutions across various industries.
Sales of companies in the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet, Inc. is a technology company that provides the CORE analytics platform, which helps organizations manage risks, conduct investigations, and discover valuable insights from massive data sets. This chart illustrates the growth of the data and analytics market. Red Violet's solutions are used across a variety of industries to combat fraud and make informed decisions.
Overall market sales
Red Violet provides a data analytics and identity verification platform used across various industries for risk assessment. Demand for its services is growing as data volumes and the need for verification increase. This total revenue chart reflects the overall business activity driving demand for analytics solutions.
Future sales volume of the company, segment and market as a whole
Future (projected) sales of the company Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet (rdvt) is a company that provides data-driven analytics solutions for risk assessment and fraud detection. Future revenue depends on demand for identity and data verification across various industries. The chart shows analysts' expectations for data analytics market growth.
Future (projected) sales of companies in the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet (trademark idi) provides a data analytics platform that helps companies verify identities, detect fraud, and assess risks. Its services are used in finance, insurance, and other industries. This chart shows the forecast for the analytics software market, where Red Violet's solutions help clients make data-driven decisions.
Future (projected) sales of the market as a whole
Red Violet (rdvt) provides identity verification and fraud detection data through its idi CORE platform. Demand for their services is growing with the increase in digital transactions and regulatory requirements. This graph reflects overall economic activity, and Red Violet's revenue growth demonstrates the importance of data verification for risk management in modern businesses.
Marginality of the company, segment and market as a whole
Company marginality Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet is a technology company providing an analytics platform for data identification and verification. Its clients include companies in the financial, legal, and collection industries. Profitability depends on the number of subscribers and the volume of queries to its database. This chart shows how the company monetizes big data and the need for information verification.
Market segment marginality - Software analytics
#VALUE!
Market marginality as a whole
Red Violet is a technology company that provides a data analytics and identity verification platform used for risk assessment, background checks, and investigations. Their clients include financial institutions, lawyers, and government agencies. This overall profitability curve is important to them, as economic activity generates more transactions and the need for background checks.
Employees in the company, segment and market as a whole
Number of employees in the company Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet is a company that provides analytics and software for identity verification and fraud detection. It operates with a small team of engineers and analysts. This graph demonstrates that its business model is based on the power of technology and data, rather than a large staff.
Share of the company's employees Red Violet Inc. within the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet is a technology company that provides a data analytics platform to help organizations identify risks and fraud. This chart shows the proportion of intellectual capital the company attracts in its niche. Behind it lies a team of data analysts and engineers who create complex algorithms to process massive amounts of data in real time.
Number of employees in the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet, Inc. provides cloud-based analytics solutions for data identification and verification, as well as fraud investigation. This chart illustrates employment trends in the big data and analytics sector. The growth in the number of data scientists and engineers at this company reflects the growing need of businesses and government agencies for tools to analyze vast amounts of information for risk management.
Number of employees in the market as a whole
Red Violet is a technology company that provides a data analytics platform that helps businesses and law enforcement agencies identify risks, fraud, and conduct investigations. Its product, CORE, aggregates massive amounts of data. This graph illustrates how the growing need for data security and analytics is creating new jobs in the IT field.
Market capitalization per employee (in thousands of dollars) of the company, segment, and market as a whole
Market capitalization per employee (in thousands of dollars) of the company Red Violet Inc. (RDVT)
Red Violet (RDVT) is a technology company specializing in data analytics and identification. This chart reflects the high value of its intellectual capital. The company's primary asset is its database (CORE) and analytics software platforms. The chart shows how highly the market values โโthese unique information assets and software per employee.
Market capitalization per employee (in thousands of dollars) in the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet is a software company that provides data analysis and risk identification solutions. Its value lies in its unique databases and analysis algorithms. This chart reflects how the market values โโits technology platform and intellectual property, which automate complex analytical tasks.
Market capitalization per employee (in thousands of dollars) for the overall market
Red Violet is a company that provides software and data-driven analytics solutions, primarily for identity verification and fraud detection. This chart shows how the market values โโa business based on big data analytics. Value is created through unique algorithms and databases, not through large staffing levels.
Profit per employee (in thousands of dollars) for the company, segment, and market as a whole
Profit per employee (in thousands of dollars) of the company Red Violet Inc. (RDVT)
Red Violet (rdvt) is a tech company specializing in data analytics. Their platform (IDi) helps companies verify identities, assess risks, and conduct investigations. They operate a data-as-a-service business. This chart demonstrates the scalability of their platform: revenue per employee increases as more clients subscribe to their datasets.
Profit per employee (in thousands of dollars) in the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet (RDVT) is a technology company providing a data and analytics platform (idiCORE) for identity verification, fraud detection, and investigations. It is a SaaS business. This metric reflects how successfully the company monetizes its vast data sets by selling access to them.
Profit per employee (in thousands of dollars) for the market as a whole
Red Violet (RDVT) is a technology company (branded as IDI) that provides a data analytics platform (people search, verification) for lawyers, debt collectors, and law enforcement agencies. It's a B2B SaaS service. This chart shows how scalable their platform (database) is, generating recurring subscription revenue per engineer.
Sales to employees of the company, segment and market as a whole
Sales per company employee Red Violet Inc. (RDVT)
Red Violet is a data analytics company providing cloud-based identification and identity verification solutions. This chart shows how successfully its IDI platform is scaling. The growth in revenue per employee indicates strong demand for its services from law enforcement agencies, financial services firms, and legal firms.
Sales per employee in the market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet (RDVT) is a data analytics company providing identity verification and fraud detection solutions (IDI platform). This chart shows the revenue generated by each of their data analysts and engineers. This allows us to evaluate their productivity compared to other companies in the analytics software sector.
Sales per employee for the market as a whole
Red Violet (RDVT) is a technology company providing a platform (CORE) for data analytics and identification. Their clients include debt collectors, lawyers, and law enforcement agencies. It's a SaaS business. This chart shows how effectively the company monetizes its data sets and algorithms, generating subscription revenue with a relatively small staff of analysts and engineers.
Short shares by company, segment and market as a whole
Shares shorted by company Red Violet Inc. (RDVT)
Red Violet, Inc. is a company that provides analytics and information solutions (Identiq) used for identity verification and risk management. This chart shows bearish interest. Investors may doubt its ability to compete with data giants or whether its technology provides a sufficient advantage.
Shares shorted by market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet (RDVT) is a data fusion company. Their IDI platform analyzes massive data sets for identity verification, risk assessment, and fraud detection. This chart reflects skepticism. "Shorts" here are bets that their technology will underperform compared to competitors (LexisNexis) or that their business will suffer from regulations.
Shares shorted by the overall market
Red Violet (RDVT) is a data analytics and identity verification company, primarily for lawyers and debt collectors. When this chart signals rising fears and a looming recession, demand for debt collection services may increase. It's one of the few "countercyclical" businesses that can benefit from the overall pessimism.
RSI 14 indicator for a company, segment, and market as a whole
The company's RSI 14 indicator Red Violet Inc. (RDVT)
Red Violet (RDVT) is a technology company providing a data analytics platform (IDI). They help companies and law enforcement agencies find connections between people, assets, and risks (fraud prevention). This chart measures momentum. It shows "overbought" (above 70) amid strong customer growth or "oversold" (below 30) amid data privacy concerns.
RSI 14 Market Segment - Software analytics
Red Violet (RDVT) is a "digital detective." Their SaaS platform (CORE) mines massive data sets to find people, assets, and detect fraud. RSI_14_Seg for "Software analytics" indicates whether the sector is overheated. This helps us understand whether RDVT's growth reflects their niche in datatech or the general hype surrounding AI and data.
RSI 14 for the overall market
Red Violet (RDVT), a data analytics provider, sees a dual effect in this chart. In times of euphoria, companies grow and spend on data. In times of panic, on the one hand, budgets are cut. On the other hand, panic and recession lead to increased fraud, which increases demand for RDVT's "protective" verification and validation services.
Analyst consensus forecast for the company's share price, the segment, and the market as a whole
Analyst consensus stock price forecast RDVT (Red Violet Inc.)
Red Violet (RDVT) is a technology company providing an analytics platform (CORE) for identity verification, fraud detection, and investigations. This chart shows the average analyst forecast. Their price targets are based on the growth of clients from the financial, legal, and government sectors using their database.
The difference between the consensus estimate and the actual stock price RDVT (Red Violet Inc.)
Red Violet (RDVT) is the tech company behind the idiCore platform, which aggregates massive amounts of human data for identity verification and risk assessment (a competitor to TLO). This chart shows their data valuation. It measures the gap between the price and the consensus target, reflecting the potential analysts see in their data fusion platform.
Analyst consensus forecast for stock prices by market segment - Software analytics
Red Violet (RDVT) is the technology company behind the idiCORE platform. It analyzes massive amounts of data for identity verification, fraud detection, and investigations. This chart shows general expectations for the analytics software sector, reflecting whether experts believe the identity verification market will grow.
Analysts' consensus forecast for the overall market share price
Red Violet (RDVT) is a big data company. Their platform (CORE) helps businesses and government agencies find connections, verify identities, and assess fraud risks. This chart shows the general sentiment of experts. It reflects analysts' confidence in the stability of the economy, where demand for risk and data management remains high.
AKIMA index of the company, segment and market as a whole
AKiMA Company Index Red Violet Inc.
Red Violet (RDVT) is a Big Data company. Their platform (IDI) sifts through massive amounts of data (public and private) to verify identities and assess risks (for fintech, debt collectors, and law enforcement). This chart is a barometer of their data. It likely reflects the growth of their subscriber base (ARR) and their ability to monetize their sophisticated analytics products.
AKIMA Market Segment Index - Software analytics
Red Violet (RDVT) is a SaaS platform for data analytics; the company (founded by the founder of TransUnion) provides (via the ID platform) deep analytics on individuals for risk and fraud audits in fintech and insurance. This aggregate metric evaluates companies. The graph shows the average value for the software segment. This benchmark: how does this niche (data) SaaS model (RDVT) differentiate itself from the average competitor?
The AKIM Index for the overall market
Red Violet is a company specializing in data analytics and identification. Its IDI platform is used for risk assessment and investigations. This chart, which reflects the market average, is a backdrop. It helps assess how this technology business, which provides critical information, compares to overall macroeconomic fluctuations.